The Reconstruction of The Relationship Between Future Media Development And Human Beings Under The Metaverse Logic

Yue Cao

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International Journal of Design Science ›› 2022, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (2) : 22-29.

The Reconstruction of The Relationship Between Future Media Development And Human Beings Under The Metaverse Logic

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Abstract

As a hot spot pursued by the industry and capital, the Metaverse full of unknown and futuristic, although it is still in the gestation stage, has already received enthusiastic discussions. As the ultimate form of the Internet, the Metaverse brings new possibilities for the application of media technology, it is a new continent of the future digital transformation and a new form of the future human digital living space. In addition to the sensory extension, scene enhancement and return of power brought to us under the new vision of media development in the era of the Metaverse, we also need to stay awake and be alert to the crises it brings to human beings, such as body, reality, privacy, data, etc. And we also need to think about a new path for human's digital survival in the future.

Key words

Metaverse / Immersive communication / Media development / Digital survival

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Yue Cao. The Reconstruction of The Relationship Between Future Media Development And Human Beings Under The Metaverse Logic. International Journal of Design Science. 2022, 2(2): 22-29
Metaverse, the concept of the science fiction novel "Avalanche" born in 1992, swept into a wave in 2021 after 29 years, carrying a powerful force to impact people's cognition and experience, showing people a brand new virtual world and an advanced form of the future digital age.According to the definition of the Metaverse in the "Metaverse Development Research Report 2020-2021", It is an internet application and social form that integrates a variety of new technologies such as extended reality technology, digital twin technology, blockchain technology, Internet of Things, network and computing technology, artificial intelligence technology, etc., which can provide an immersive experience, generate a mirror image of the real world, and make the virtual world and the external real world are both closely connected and parallel independent[1]. Although the time from the birth of the concept to people's initial concrete understanding and then to the deployment of various industries and enterprises for exploration is still very short, and the embryonic form of the Metaverse is still being conceived. However, looking back at the development of technology and media in the past, the concept of the end of the Metaverse era, which seems to be a science fiction and hypothetical concept, in the current era of exponential development and rise of technology, may come true sooner than we thought.
The Metaverse interwoven between virtual scenes and real space brings new possibilities for the application of media technologies such as immersive media, embodied communication, scene-based, virtual social interaction, and interactive experience, etc.It is a new continent for human digital transformation in the future and a new form of human digital living space. The medium is the bridge connecting people and the world. The inter-embedding of humans and machines in the Metaverse makes human beings themselves a medium and the core and main body of all activities in the Metaverse [2]. The Metaverse is reshaping the mode of communication, the way media exists, human relationship and the relationship between media and people. The Metaverse empowered by technological development will bring a brand-new development prospect of the media. At the same time, we also need to soberly aware that the Metaverse is not a perfect Utopian space, and the myths of "media and people" must be reawakened. While we are looking forward to a bright future, we should also be alert to imminent threats.

1 Vision: A new situation of future media development under the logic of the Metaverse

The construction of the Metaverse will go through three stages: Digital twin, Virtual native and Virtual reality fusion [3]. It is not only an extension of the virtual world, but a kind of new form that closely integrates the real physical world with the imagined virtual world. Here the real and the virtual will be seamlessly connected, deeply connected, and intertwined. As Roblox CEO Dave Baszucki puts it, the Metaverse includes elements such as "identity, friends, immersion, low latency, diversity, anywhere, economic systems, and civilizations." In this environment supported by multiple technological systems, users can freely shuttle between virtual scenes and real spaces, and conduct open exploration, scene-based social interaction, creative generation and collaborative creation.The relationship between media communication and society as a whole is increasingly blending, and the boundaries between real and virtual are gradually disappearing.That is to say, the future media development under the Metaverse will bring users a new experience of deep immersion, full sensory interaction, and beyond reality.People are entering an era of new media with immersive communication as the main feature, and emerging technologies such as holographic projection, VR (Virtual Reality), AR (Augmented Reality), XR (Extended Reality), and wearable devices as the object of analysis. [4].

1.1 Digital Body: Re-extension of Body and Senses Realized by Media

The psychologist Alfred Adler once believed that inferiority of organs is a gift bestowed by God to the entire human species, because this inferiority stimulates the subjective feeling of inferiority, which in turn becomes the driving force for human beings to improve.A careful listing of human inventions and creations shows that people have indeed tried their best to make up for or extend the scope of their abilities. Canadian communication scientist Marshall McLuhan said about this phenomenon of extending the imperfect body of human beings through technology - "The medium is an extension of the human being".In the era of fully immersive communication in the Metaverse, Modern technology and media will be more closely related to human beings and will completely invade every corner of social life irresistibly. With terminal technologies such as cutting-edge sensors, the medium will not only be an extension of our body, but become a part of our body, and even human beings who are penetrated by technology and infiltrated by data under digital technology can recreate a "Digital Body" and form a "Virtual Avatar".
Under the Metaverse, technologies such as digital terminals, digital networks, and digital media parse and process people's real bodies in the material world into data forms, And it can capture and digitize people's behaviors, traces, hobbies, and even emotions on the Internet through algorithms to form a "digital body". In addition, with the development of technology, the exploration in the field of virtual sensory experience has surpassed people's imagination. With the support of some hardware equipment or devices, the omni-directional connection of people's audio, visual, smell, taste, touch and various senses will be realized in the future, so as to achieve the ultimate human virtual sensory experience. Under the Metaverse world, from the physical world to the biological (psychological) world, from the real space to the virtual space, a comprehensive and seamless connection will be achieved[5]. In addition, everyone in the Metaverse has the opportunity to "choose" or "shape" their own identity and image in the virtual space, and form the corresponding digital representation of the individual in the virtual world - "Virtual Avatar". In terms of academic definition, it is "Virtual-self" or "Extensions of 0urselves" [6]. In the fusion space of the virtual and the real in the Metaverse, people can go beyond their own limitations, expand their power, and expand their capabilities to the greatest extent possible. People can use the "Digital Body" or "Virtual Avatar" as their "avatar" to carry out the action practice of exploring outward and inward in the open and collaborative new world of the Metaverse, and it can seamlessly connect and switch between real scenes and virtual spaces unrestricted by real factors, realize multi-role experience and communication activities in different media or terminals in a single or composite virtual space.People will realize further expansion and extension of bodies, skills, senses and identities under the Metaverse.

1.2 Scene Upgrade: A New Upgrade of Immersive Interactive Experience

Metaverse as a new space for people's physical participation and communication activities in the future, the external presentation of the fusion of virtual and real and the implicit characteristics[7] of time-space reconstruction will break through the limitations of the three-dimensional physical space, build a huge and diverse digital super-scenarios that relies on reality and transcends reality for people, and it can provide participants with a more immersive and integrated experience. With the iterative upgrade of VR (Virtual Reality) / AR (Augmented Reality) / MR (Mixed Reality) / XR ( Extended Reality), wearable devices, sensors, 3D rendering and other technologies, the virtual space created by holographic images and spatial audio is constantly approaching the real and even reaching the state of "hyper-real".Although people's sense of immersion and presence has always relied on the two sensory dimensions of vision and hearing with the help of the existing physical advantages of technology, in the future, with the maturity and improvement of technology, people will be able to obtain timely tactile feedback and even the way of perceiving the environment can also be further spread to the fields of smell and taste, and the form of body participation and interaction will further develop rapidly with the popularity of the Metaverse. Communication under the immersion of multiple senses makes people themselves a medium [8], and the body and technology, senses and media can interact more deeply and realistically.
With the help of programming, algorithms and sensors, extended reality, real-time rendering and other technologies, a concrete and immersive "Mimic Space" is created, which visually reproduces, transforms and surpasses the physical world [9]. Metaverse can break through the limitations of physical distance and time, and makes breakthroughs and improvements in existing scenes. Virtual space and real space are no longer concepts of opposition and separation, but a "new universe" that blends without boundaries, superimposes coexistence, and seamlessly transitions, which truly realizes the upgrading of the scene for users to participate in and explore. A more natural, real and extreme immersive interactive experience allows people not only to be "immersed" but "in it". In this immersive communication environment, people have realized the ubiquitous experience of time and space, surrounded by media information anytime and anywhere, and forget the existence of technology, "unconsciously" immersed in it and enter a state of "immersion" and "Self-forgetting".
The dissolution of the concept of time and space and the breaking of screen limitations brought about by the development of media technology have also realized the "Technological Absence" of people's physical bodies and the "Physical Presence" of technical bodies in the Metaverse [10]. People can gather in virtual space through "Digital Avatars" to communicate and and get a carnival experience across time and space.In it, people can not only carry out communication activities, creative production and social interaction, but also create richer interactive content and participate in the editing and construction of the Metaverse. The high degree of freedom and openness of the Metaverse provides a variety of gameplay, in which people play creatively, explore openly, and socialize with a high degree of immersion. With the help of technological iterative upgrades, people are no longer limited by time and space in the scene constructed by the Metaverse, and the only thing that can limit human beings is their own imagination.

1.3 The Return of Power: Digital Technology Empowers the Return of Individual Power

Just as Negroponte once predicted, digital existence is inherently empowering, in the digital future, people will find new hope and dignity [11]. In today's Internet communication platform of "Connecting everything, Enabling and empowering", it has realized the aggregation of forces scattered on all sides, amplifying the small and weak voices, and promoting the communication, expression, action and the right to participate of relatively weak ordinary individuals or groups in society. The future Metaverse will further redefine the power structure in society. Its decentralized underlying mechanism and open operating rules will further break the original identity division, deconstruct the centralized organizational structure, bridge the inter-generational and Regional estrangement [12], and continue to strengthen the subjectivity of human beings.
Users in the Metaverse can freely construct their own identities in this open composite space to communicate and interact on an equal footing and express their own will, and can also freely create their own virtual scenes and use it as a personal home for social communication and interaction. In addition to improving the freedom of people's identity construction and scene creation, the development of media technology has also given people more participation rights and freedom of content production. As a "massive participatory medium", the Metaverse can stimulate people's enthusiasm for creative production and enhance people's agency, autonomy and creativity.With the further return of each individual's power under the empowerment of digital technology development in the future, it will bring about the liberation of productivity and the leap of insight. Moreover, in the future, under the free, open, shared and collaborative communication media, multiple subjects can realize collaborative creation, joint governance and common enjoyment, and the aggregated power will bring about the fission-style release of massive energy.

2 Worry: The New Crisis of Human Digital Survival Under The Development of Future Media

From the first roar of a steam engine across the sky, the emergence of every new concept or new wave of technology causes a tug of war between techno-pessimists and techno-optimists. The Metaverse is no exception. While optimists believe that the Metaverse has opened up a parallel new world under the digital underlying logic of human existence, there are also pessimists who are skeptical about its "decentralized" core, and even expressed concerns about new ethical issues that may arise in the future.The emergence of every media technology brings about the benign impact of changing society, but at the same time, it is mixed with painful complications. Therefore, we need to think carefully and calmly in the upsurge of the Metaverse. While the further development of media in the future will bring many benefits, there are also many crises that cannot be ignored in the digital survival of human beings.

2.1 Sensory Deprivation And Physical Amputation Brought about By Immersive Media

Even Marshall McLuhan once put forward the theory of media extension, but he also added: "Extension is also a means of truncation that hinders self-knowledge. The final stage of extension is fraught with danger." When people ride bicycles and drive cars, their legs and feet are extended through the wheels, but their basic walking function is deprived [13]. The development of media in the Metaverse brings a deeply immersive experience, and the process of human-computer interaction is difficult to separate and deeply involve. While extending and enhancing people's sensory experience, media will also deprive and cut off the human body's sensory functions like never before. People indulge in the immersive experience brought by the media under the interactive technology such as extended reality, then forget technology, forget time and even forget themselves, and are silently wrapped in media information without knowing it, physical actions are reduced, while the brain and consciousness are confined within the framework of the virtual world and media construction, the ability to think independently will gradually deteriorate. People who have lost the ability to reflect can only accept it passively and "powerless to resist", and eventually become an information infusion device manipulated by immersive media [14].
Under the blessing of various high-techs in the Metaverse, people's dependence on and obsession with the evolved and upgraded media will become more and more serious in the future. Even under the step-by-step encroachment of technology, human beings will be addicted to the body perception brought by media like Narcissus who is immersed in the reflection in the water, until the sensory system is "numb", and finally the body is stripped or only the ghost-like symbols are present, becoming the "Servo System" of the medium and the new "One-Dimensional Person" of the Metaverse era.

2.2 "Virtual Vortex" and Cave Metaphor Under The Metaverse Logic

As Negroponte said in "Being Digital": "Virtual reality can make artificial things as realistic as real things, or even more realistic than real things." [15] The scene construction of the fusion of the real and the virtual, and the maturity of VR/AR/MR and other technologies provide people with an absolute sense of reality. At the same time, its embodied interaction, immersive experience and "compensation" for real life also have a natural "addiction". It makes people addicted to it and hard to get out of it. People regard virtual scenes and spaces as the Garden of Eden from which they escape from reality, and even regard the phantoms projected in front of them as the real world, just like the "prisoners" in Plato's Cave Metaphor. Therefore, hyper-realism is not only the core and key to the operation of the Metaverse, but also a "virtual vortex" that needs to be vigilant. When people are overly immersed in the virtual space and one or more "Digital Avatars" they have constructed in the Metaverse, it will lead to the split of conscious subjectivity and the disconnection of virtual and real identities, which may end up falling into the pit of nihilism in the "Symbolized Grief" [16]. People's real life is ignored, their real needs are buried, their perception of reality is distorted, they are lost in the false desires constructed by the digital landscape, and in the hyper-real experience where the boundaries of virtual reality disappear, it is increasingly difficult to distinguish whether you are in a real space or a virtual scene.
While people are addicted to the virtual world and the problem of the real world is difficult to solve, conflicts will inevitably break out in the Metaverse with the same behavioral subjects as the real world, resulting in political, economic, social, cultural and other issues. That is to say, the problems and contradictions that exist in the real world will be correspondingly mapped in the metaverse. In addition, behind the seemingly free, equal, and infinite information resources of the Metaverse, there is no escape from the authoritarian order of capital and technology. Therefore, the Metaverse is by no means the perfect Canaan we imagined, it is also full of traps, temptations, dangers, falsehoods and power struggles.

2.3 The "Prison" Prisoner And The Privacy Paradox Under The Development of Media

The future media technology under the Metaverse continues to flourish, bringing more communication possibilities, but also continuing to breed new technical ethical issues. People's bodies and senses are all-encompassed by the media, which also realizes the "imprisonment" of the "Panopticon" envisaged by Michel Foucault [17]. Every movement of people in the Metaverse media realm will be monitored in the form of data and information and engraved on our "digital skin" like tattoos. The application and upgrade of technologies such as wearable devices and brain-computer interfaces will bring human beings an interactive experience of the interconnection of all things, and on the other hand, they will also steal all our private information in a more comprehensive and hidden form like octopus tentacles.Each of our information footprints will be recorded, preserved, and then be placed and utilized in the communication field in the form of a resource that can be replaced.
Under the highly intelligent medium in the Metaverse, every user, while enjoying the convenience and services provided by technology and big data, is also unknowingly entering a new type of panoramic prison at the expense of freedom and personal privacy. Even such violations and leaks are more serious, horrific, and pervasive than in the current Internet age. Not only personal information, communication, and spatial privacy are exposed to the front or back of the Internet, but also people's physiological information, psychological changes, emotional fluctuations and other privacy are exposed without reservation [18]. The privacy issues under smart devices will even invade people's physical, psychological, emotional and other fields, these data information will be abused arbitrarily in order to further invade people's minds or subconscious and then judge, monitor and control them. To a certain extent, the privacy of people in the future Metaverse will no longer exist, and every user who wanders in the Metaverse will be a "transparent person" who is acting "naked" under the surveillance and control of invisible eyes.
In addition, in the Metaverse space where everything is a medium, the ubiquitous use of media and the unknowing disclosure of personal information make our privacy leakage into a passive and helpless deadlock. The convenience provided by the interactive experience in the Internet of Everything also prompts users to actively disclose or passively exchange their personal privacy. However, the privacy of knowing and accepting the exchange, in most cases, is only a helpless act that users have to sign when "refusing to output personal information is equivalent to giving up enjoying the convenient services brought by new media and new technologies". Therefore, for individual users, they will fall into a new privacy paradox in which personal privacy protection and highly intelligent media must be chosen one or the other [19]. As the Metaverse of a new form of media iteration, there are many gray areas in the rational collection and use of information, the boundaries of privacy invasion, and the protection of privacy will be a even more thorny road.

3 Reflection: A New Path For Future Media and Human Connection and Coexistence Under The Metaverse

Although the concept of the Metaverse has sparked worldwide fantasies, its own form is still in an ambiguous state of progress. Although the Metaverse has brought us the general direction of human development in the future and the new imagination of media development, we should remain vigilant while having good expectations for it. While humans are using the Metaverse, the Metaverse is also "using" humans. Where there is information dissemination, there is information interaction. Therefore, we may be able to expect a more immersive and open virtual space, but at the same time, we must also be vigilant : the Metaverse may lay down time bombs for human society in terms of physical, real, privacy, data, etc. [20]. If we do not reflect on the Metaverse with a calm and prudent attitude, human beings will eventually lose themselves in the torrent of technology, and move towards a terrifying future of being manipulated and enslaved by data and media technology. Just like the picture described by Kittler: Although people are in technology, they are far away from technology. The technological medium is more like a kind of hyperreal illusion, and human beings just opened the Pandora's box of illusion, A little carelessness will eventually get lost in this "Unreachable Mirage"[21].
The relationship between media and people has undergone changes in the continuous development of media, from the use of media by people, the interaction between people and media, to the symbiosis between people and media, and the human body has also become a medium [22]. As a new generation who has been immersed in the Internet information environment since birth, we will not only be the future digital nomads, but also the first generation of virtual aborigines in the "Metaverse". How to evolve the new medium of the Metaverse into a new adaptability so that it can better connect and coexist with people requires us to think and imagine in multiple dimensions.
In the Metaverse world where digital technology is ubiquitous, we must deeply understand and grasp the development direction and development logic of human society based on the logic and form of future media, re-examine and reshape the original media communication rules and modes. Participate and experience the new new media of the future with new perspectives, new thinking, and new ways. Adhere to the dominance and self-meaning of human beings, and endow human values and ethics with the reconstruction of algorithms and future media [23]. No matter how the future technology will be iteratively upgraded, how the media form will continue to evolve and change, human beings should restart their thinking about the relationship between people and media technology, find the position of their own bodies when using media, and reconstruct the boundaries of human subjectivity. Pay attention to the value and meaning of human existence. The new trend of future media development in which technology is highly embedded in the human body and deeply integrated into human life is irreversible. On the one hand, we must embrace the Metaverse with an open and positive attitude. On the other hand, we must remain rational and vigilant, and abide by the spirit of human ethics and humanism, let technology and media serve and meet people's needs, so as to maintain the balance between people and technology, people and media, and ultimately realize the symbiosis, coexistence, and common development between people, technology and media.

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